Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus (July 16, 1776 – April 2, 1827) was a German physician and naturalist.
Bojanus was born at Bouxwiller in Alsace and studied at Darmstadt and the University of Jena. In 1806 he became professor of veterinary medicine at the University of Vilnius, switiching to comparative anatomy in 1824. He produced an important work on the anatomy of turtles, Anatome Testudinis Europaeae. He was the author of several scientific discoveries, including the a glandular organ in bivalvular molluscs (Organ of Bojanus), and the aurochs. In 1821, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He died at Darmstadt.